In a medical malpractice case, gathering proof is essential for the patient who alleges harm. To succeed in their case, the patient must demonstrate the existence of a doctor-patient relationship, then show that the healthcare provider deviated from the accepted standard of care. Proving that the breach of duty directly caused the patient's injury or exacerbated their condition, the patient can establish they’ve suffered damages due to the injury, such as medical expenses, lost income, pain, suffering, or disability. Expert medical testimony often plays a critical role in substantiating these elements, elucidating the standard of care in similar situations and illustrating how the healthcare provider's actions diverged from it.